防水透湿型聚氨酯性能的研究

Study on Property of Waterproof and Moisture Permeable Polyurethane

采用内乳化法,以聚酯二醇和聚乙二醇为软段组分,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二羟甲基丙酸、乙二胺等为硬段组分合成了防水透湿型阴离子水性聚氨酯弹性体,主要研究了亲水性聚二元醇种类、聚乙二醇用量和摩尔质量、交联剂三羟甲基丙烷对胶膜力学性能、吸水率、涂膜的透湿量和耐静水压的影响。结果表明,提高亲水性聚乙二醇在软段中用量和摩尔质量,有利于改善水性聚氨酯涂膜的透湿性,但聚乙二醇用量增加,胶膜的吸水率升高;分子链的适度交联有利提高涂膜的耐水性。

By means of internal-emulsification method, and using hydrophilic polyethylene glycol and polyester glycols as part of soft segment, isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI）, dimethylolpmpionic acid （DMPA） and ethylenediamine （EDA） as part of hard segment, a series of waterproof and moisture permeable anionic waterborne polyurethane elastomer were synthesized. The effects of the type, content and molecular weight of the waterbome polyester glycols on the mechanical properties, water absorption of pliofilms, the water vapor permeability （WVP） and the resistance to static water pressure of the coatings were researched. The results showed with the increase of the polyethylene glycols content and molecular weight in the soft segment, the WVP of the waterborne polyurethane coatings increased, but with the increase of polyethylene glycol＇s content, the water absorption of the films increased; Moderately cross linking of molecular chain resulted in enhancing to water resistance of the coatings.