儿童远视和近视眼睫状肌麻痹前后各屈光成分的变化

The use of optical coherence biometry in the study of ocular refractive components measured before and after cycloplegia in hyperopic and myopic children

目的通过测量比较儿童远视和近视眼睫状肌麻痹前后各屈光成分的变化,探讨调节对其屈光成分的影响。方法对520例3～12岁儿童使用1%阿托品散瞳验光,睫状肌麻痹前后均采用光学相干生物测量仪(Zeiss IOL Master)测量眼轴长度、角膜屈光力(K1、K2)、前房深度。对其中远视646眼、近视221眼的睫状肌麻痹前后各屈光成分测量值进行统计对照分析。结果①儿童远视眼睫状肌麻痹后眼轴变短(P=0.01),角膜屈光力变小(K1P=0.01;K2P=0.04),前房深度加深(P=0.00)。②儿童近视眼睫状肌麻痹后前房深度加深(P=0.00),眼轴长度、角膜屈光力无变化。结论儿童远视眼睫状肌麻痹后眼轴变短,角膜屈光力变小,前房加深;儿童近视眼睫状肌麻痹后前房加深,而眼轴长度、角膜屈光力无变化。

Objective To investigate the effect of accommodation on refractive components in hyperopic and myopic eyes by taking measurements before and after cycloplegia. Methods Six hundred and forty-six hyperopic eyes and 221 myopic eyes of children aged 3 to 12 were enrolled. Refraction was measured by retinoscopy after instillation of one drop of 1% atropine 3 times a day for 3 days. Axial length （AL）, refractive power of the cornea （K1, K2） and anterior chamber depth （ACD） were measured by optical coherence biometry （Zeiss IOL Master） before and after cycloplegia. Results ①For hyperopic children, axial length was shorter （P=0.01）, refractive power was weaker （K1 P=0.01; K2 P =0.04） and ACD was deeper （P =0.00） after cycloplegia. ② For myopic children, ACD was deeper （P=0.00）, while AL and refractive power showed no change after cycloplegia. Conclusion Axial length is shorter, refractive power is weaker and anterior chamber depth is deeper in hyperopic children after cycloplegia. Anterior chamber depth is deeper, and axial length and refractive power remain steady in myopic children after cycloplegia.