炭材料热分析技术概述

THERMAL ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY SUMMARY FOR CARBON MATERIALS

论述了TG,DTA,DTG,DSC和DMTA等热分析技术在炭及其复合材料上的应用。TG-DTG技术可以追踪升温过程的质量变化,直接体现着材料的高温抗氧化性能、热稳定性,并可确定材料的燃点等;热效应曲线则反映出材料升温分解过程中的放热或吸热效应,是和材料组成及结构变化密切相关的,二者结合,从结构本质上探析了炭材料的物理化学反应机制。因此,TG-DTG,DTA,DSC技术被广泛应用于炭材料的反应机理、催化剂的催化机制、高温抗氧化性、耐热性、活性炭的表面性能、燃烧特性等的探究;DMTA技术是研究高聚物结构-分子运动-性能的一种有效手段,被用于测定炭材料界面性能。

This paper introduced the application of thermal analysis technology, such as TG, DTA, DTG, DSC and DMTA, ete, in carbon and carbon composite materials. Since TG- DTG technology can trace the mass change of the heating process and indicate directly the resistance to high temperature oxidization, DSC curve reflects heat discharge and absorption efficiency during the pyrolysis course of the material, which is closely related with the composition and structural change of the materials. Coupling with TG - DTG, DTA and DSC technology, one can discuss the physical and chemical reaction mechanism of the materials from the structure nature. So, TG- DTG,DTA, DSC technologies are applied to study the reaction mechanism, the catalytic action of a catalyst, the properties of resistance to high temperature oxidization, thermal resistance, surface property of activated carbon, combustion property and interface property of carbon and carbon composite material. DMTA is a very effective method to study the high polymer structure- molecule movement- property, whcih is usually applied to measure the interface property of the carbon and carbon composite material.