两种IgA肾病大鼠模型的比较

Comparison of two rat models of IgA nephropathy

目的探讨快速建立IgA肾病大鼠模型的方法。方法雌性SD大鼠被随机分为3组。A组采用口服牛血清白蛋白(BSA)+葡萄球菌肠毒素B(SEB)方法,B组采用口服BSA+SEB+皮下注射CCl4方法,C组为正常对照组。分别于10、14周处死后取动脉血、肾脏,检测血生化指标,检查组织病理及IgA免疫荧光。于第10、12、14周收集24h尿检测尿蛋白。结果与空白对照组相比,A组和B组血肌酐、尿素氮和尿蛋白均显著增高(P<0.05),有中度肾小球系膜扩张伴系膜细胞增生,A组和B组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。但B组出现血尿、蛋白尿早于A组,且IgA免疫荧光强于B组。结论口服BSA+SEB法与口服BSA+SEB+皮下注射CCl4方法均能诱发SD大鼠IgA肾病模型,后者更早出现血尿、蛋白尿,肾脏IgA免疫荧光更强,是更为省时的制模方法。

Objective To study the methods for rapid establishment of rat models of IgA nephropathy., Methods Forty female SD rats weighing 160-200 g were randomized into 3 groups. In group A, the rats received intravenous injection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B （SEB） and oral bovine serum albumin （BSA）, and in group B, CC14 was injected subcutaneously in addition to the above treatments; the rats in group C received no treatments to serve as the normal control group. The rats were sacrificed 10 and 14 weeks after the treatment for biochemical testing of the arterial blood and histopathological and IgA immunofluorescence examination of the renal tissues. The twenty-four-hour urine was collected at 10, 12, and 14 weeks after the treatments for detecting the urine proteins. Results Compared with the control group, the rats in groups A and B showed significantly increased serum creatinine, urine nitrogen and protein levels. Pathological examination of the renal tissue showed mild to moderate mesangial expansion and mesangial cell proliferation in groups A and B, without obvious difference between the two groups; but hematuria and proteinuria occurred earlier in group B with stronger IgA immunofluorescence than in group A. Conclusions Both of the methods used in group A and group B can successfully induce IgA nephropathy in rats, but in group B, hematuria and urineprotein occurs earlier and IgA immunofluorescence is more stronger. Therefore intravenous SEB injection combined with oral BSA and subcutaneous CC14 administration is a better method for time-efficient establishment of rat models of IgA nephropathy.