微创气管切开术在口腔颌面外科中的应用

Clinical Application of Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

目的：探讨微创气管切开术在口腔颌面外科中的应用价值。方法：采用经皮扩张气管切开进行微创性新型气管切开术,对2005~2007年间住院患者共109例因手术需要行预防性气管切开术。结果：106例均按上述方法完成手术,最短用时3 min,最长10 min,平均为5.1 min。3例患者该法未能完全实施。术中未发生死亡、气胸、气管食管瘘等严重并发症。所有病例经随访,无声嘶、声门下狭窄等并发症发生,颈部瘢痕均不明显。结论：微创气管切开术可单人完成,操作方便,时间短、出血少,手术并发症少,可在口腔颌面外科推广应用。

Objective： To investigate the clinical application of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods： We applied percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy to investigate 109 cases of preventive trache- ostomies. Results： Advantages noted by this study included： less time taken to perform the procedure; convenience; fewer complications. Conclusion： This study showed the safety and low early complication rate of percutaneous tracheostomy compared with open surgical tracheostomy.