论政党价值观的功能

On the Function of Values of a Political Party

政党价值观的功能主要包括显功能和潜功能,显功能又包括正功能和反功能两个方面。政党价值观的正功能,是政党价值观对于政党成员、政党组织乃至整个社会所具有的积极功能,主要表现为合法性辩护、凝聚激励、价值导向和社会整合等功能。政党价值观的反功能,是指政党价值观对政党的生存和发展乃至整个社会产生的消极作用和不良影响,集中体现在错误或落后的价值观的不良影响之中。不为政党成员和广大民众所预期而又确实地对政党乃至社会产生直接或间接影响的一切社会作用或客观结果,便是政党价值观的潜功能。这种结果可能与政党及其成员的主观目的相一致,也可能出现不一致的情况。

Values of a political party may have overt and covert functions. The overt functions can be divided into positive and negative ones. Positive functions mainly include lawful defense, solidarity enhancement, value orientation and social integration, which are beneficial to party members, party organizations and the society. Negative functions refer to the harm done by wrong or backward values, which are menaces to the survival and development of a party and the society at large. Covert functions are those unexpected social effects or objective results that have direct or indirect impacts on a party and the whole society. This impact may not be consistent with the subjective purpose of a political party and its members.