国际地理学界关于中国农区的热点研究

THE HOT STUDIES OF CHINESE RURUAL AREAS IN THE INTERNATIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL CIRCLES

在参阅大量国外学者关于中国农区发展相关文献的基础上,对国际主流学派就中国农区宏观和微观决策主体的国际地理学研究进行了评述。国际学术界重点关注的中国农区发展的热点问题包括农户外出务工背景及决策因素、乡镇企业发展与农业生产的矛盾关系、农区发展中的环境变化问题、农区家庭的收入与需求、对传统农业区位论的思考等。文章从五个方面进行了评价,最后提出了一些建议。

＂Three Rural Problems＂ has been being a great event in China. The construction of harmonious society and socialist new village are becoming a practical task, which asks the circle of science research to study its new situation and new problems. The rushed phenomena gave us a arduous mission to find the truth and rule under the surface of socid economy. The rural problems in China not only abstracte domestic researchers＇ interesting but also arouse the great attention on the international research circle. Many overseas scholars do their work from different aspects of Chinese rural area. This paper works over several main academic magazines, such as ＂Environment and planning＂, ＂Annals of the association of American geographers＂,＂professional Geographer＂, ＂Regional Science＂,etc.; and is thirst for the the leaming from the international theories and methods. Based on a great deal of geographer＇s studies,the authos use macro and micro methods to inspect the trend and problems in the areas. It＇s found that international geographers is refocusing on the main issues, such as the decision-making factors of outgoing farmer-workers, township enterprises＇ development, agriculture production degradation and the environment changes during the rural area＇s evolution. Meandile, Chinese rural areas＇ home incoming and requirement, conventional agriculture location theory all have been pondered. This paper tries to appraise those studies from five aspects. Some new advices and ideals have been forwarded in this study. This paper got some central ideals during the research： first, the different study aspect. Overseas researchers focus on the basic elements farmer-workers while Chinese scholars focus on the regional elements. Second, the study content, Foreign researchers do more work in the redundant labors transfer. They analyze the factors which affect the rural area redundant labors transfer, but they ignore that the rural redundant labor＇s transfer generates the new problems, such as industrial structure change and the action to Chinese economic structure. Chinese scholars attach importance to the of economic activity and economic benefit. Above mentioned points of view request Chinese researchers pay more attention to the environment change in rural area, and do more work on the soil degradation and pollution come from ＂the reform and open door policy＂.