石河子市土地利用变化及主要地类驱动力研究

STUDY ON THE DRIVING FORCES OF THE LAND-USE CHANGE IN SHIHEZI CITY

通过分析石河子市土地利用的变化,探讨了其土地利用总体变化和各主要地类的驱动机制。社会经济因素是该区域土地利用总体变化的主导性驱动因素。而人口和经济增长是石河子市土地利用总体变化的首要社会经济类驱动因子,其次农业是技术发展。农业结构调整、产业结构转移是耕地利用变化的主导性驱动因素,而城镇化和工业化发展则是引起建设用地变化的主导性驱动因素。

According to land use data, the range, speed and intension of land use changed greatly in Shihezi City during 1993-2004 This article clarifies that the driving system of land use is formatted by taking the social--economic and natural drives. The social-economic driving factor of land use is the main factor. The population and economic growth are the initial social-economic driving factor of the land use change. The agricultural technical development is the next in order. Among driving forces, which affect the main types of land use, the adjustment of the agricultural structure and diversion of industry frame are the predominant driving factor that causes the transformation of farmland use. But the urbanization and industrializtion are the dominant driving factor that brings the change of construction-land use in social-economic mainly driving factor in the region. Cultivated land change is the most important type, which is mainly transformed to urban land, forest and grassland.Based on the analysis of cultivated land transformation and its relation between population and agro economic development,the paper mainly discusseds the driving forces of the land-use change in shihezhi city. Agro-economic development incurred the adjustment of production structure and made cultivated land be transformed to orchard, water area and forest/grass land with the consideration of ecological environment. Urbanization drove land use change in aspects of both cultivated land quality and level of laborers. Increase of per capita living space, adjustment of agricultural production structure and urbanization are the major driving forces of land use change. Population growth did not necessarily bring the increase of cultivated land. Even lesser cultivated land through improving crop yield could still satin the increasing demand for food. Variation of population density has no crucial affection on land-use change, but the increase of per capita living space could exert greater impact on regional land use change. Such measures have to be taken in order to promote the lagging economy as population control, reasonable adjustment of rural industrial structure and acceleration of urbanization process. In addition, the investment on land exploitation and reconsolidation shall be strengthened on the basis of rational planning. The space structure of land use changed greatly from 1996 to 2004 in Shihezi City and had the obvious regional difference.The farmland is increasingly occupied by the non-agriculture construction. This is one of obvious characteristics of land use in Shihezi City.