工业小区分类引导研究——以无锡市为例

A CLASSIFIED GUIDANCE STUDY OF SMALL INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN TOWNS——A Case of Wuxi City

工业小区是乡镇企业发展的重要载体,发挥着巨大的产业集聚作用,改变了原来乡镇企业分散发展的一些弊端,受到政府和学者的重视。工业小区在发展中也出现了发展定位和方向不明确、环境与资源压力大等问题,制约着工业小区作用的进一步发挥。以乡镇企业较为发达的无锡市为例进行研究,从空间开发适宜性、土地供给保障、水环境约束强度等几个方面,对工业小区的发展基础进行客观评价,结合工业小区的经济发展水平进行评估,最终将工业小区划分为整合提升园区、优化配套园区和控制转型园区三种类型,并根据各个园区特点指出其发展方向、重点,以期对工业小区的未来发展起到引导作用。

Small industrial parks （SIP） of towns exhibit important function in concentrating town＇s enterprises, which attracts government and scholastic attention. In the past, more and more enterprises were clustered in SIP. Now these SIP are facing new problems, such as no clear developing goal, huge resource waste, serious environment pollution, etc. In order to enlarge SIP＇s effects in the future, taking Wuxi city as aresearch case, the authors try to find an available method to solve above-mentioned problems. In this paper, the author analyzes four characters of SIP from interior and exterior level. Firstly, the adaptability of regional cell at town level is evaluated. Ecological character is fully considered. Regional ecological approval is all-important before deciding how to exploit an area. Regional economic specialties, such as exploiting benefit, exploiting potential and exploiting requirement, are also taken into account. Every restricted factor is evaluated in a thematic map of Wuxi City and at last all thematic maps are overlapped into the same map. By this way, a feasible map can be acquired to show which place is suit to exploit first or is forbidden to exploit. Secondly, land becomes the most important resources for industrial development because of rigorous land use policy. The authors compute every town＇s maximal supply of land by deducting all forbidden areas and existing built areas and portion of limited areas from the whole area of each town. According to the data analysis the thematic map of land supply potential is gained. Thirdly, considering that water resources is another important factor in industrial developing and water pollution is a serious problem after industrialization, the authors take regional water capability and water risk as unattached criterion. During this process Wuxi city is divided into 34 sub-regions according to hydrological characters. Fourthly, every SIP＇s developing level of economy is estimated through reviewing their economic foundation, developing potential, park＇s active effects and economic efficiency. After frontal processes the authors list all factors that need to be considered before making valid developing plan of SIP in one big table. At last, all SIPs are classified into three types. One type of SIP has potentiality to be upgraded as province or state development zone, one type of SIP needs accelerative growth to enhance competitive ability in future and the other has to be restricted or alter their orientation. The authors also make every SIP＇s object clear, which may guide SIP to a right way. The next study emphasis may be how to establish practical policy to keep up with developmental requirement.