光学后向散射法在海洋现场探测无机悬浮颗粒物质的应用研究

AN APPLICATION OF OPTICAL BACK-SCATTER METHOD IN SITU MEASUREMENT OF NON-ORGANIC SUSPENDED PARTICLES IN SEAWATER

本文论述了使用作者于1988年研制成功的国内第一台拖曳荧光计系统，通过改换荧光测量滤光片为中性游光片。于1988年至1989年首次在国内东、黄海倾废区分别进行了较大规模的海洋倾倒悬浮污染物质（粉煤灰和碱渣）的海洋深层追踪观场实时测量实验。由于该系统采用了短光程、正交测量的光学后向散射法，使得对悬浮颗粒物质具有3个数量级的测量范围（2～2000mg／l）、良好的线性关系和极高的精确度。工作深度从海表层到50m水深，走航拖曳速度为0～8kn。在测量实验中，该系统能在预定深度走航平稳地快速、连续测量人工投放在实验海区的悬浮颗粒物质浓度的时间、空间分布，取得了令人满意的结果。此方法测量悬浮颗粒物质的原理及其在测量性能方面优于光学前向散射法和衰减法。

This paper describes the depth tracing experiment for the detecting of coal ash powder and alkali residue dumped in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea from 1988 to 1989, using the first Chinese towing-fluorimeter system we developed in 1988, whose fluorescent filter being changed into a neutral filter. On account of the application of short path, back scatter and orthogonal measurementmethod, the system has a wide range in measuring suspended particles (from 2mg/L to 2×103 mg/L), excellent linearity and high accuracy. It can work at varied towing speeds between 0 and 8 knots from the sea surface to a maximumdepth of 50 m. During measurement, the system can record the temporal and spatial contribution of suspended particles at preset depths stablely, quickly and continuously. The results obtained are satisfactory. The method gains an advantageover the method using optical foreward scatter or attenuation in principle andperformance.