青藏高原五道梁低层大气气溶胶来源的初步分析 Ⅰ.因子分析结果

THE SOURCES OF AEROSOL IN THE LOWER LAYER ATMOSPHERE AT WUDAOLIANG OVER QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU Ⅰ. FACTOR ANALYSIS AND ITS RESULTS

对１９９３年９月～１９９４年８月在青藏高原五道梁采集到的气溶胶样品中多种化学元素成分的浓度资料，用因子分析、富集因子和稀土元素分布模态综合判断该地区低层大气气溶胶的来源，同时还讨论了源的季节变化以及各源气溶胶质量浓度的相对贡献。结果表明，五道梁低层大气气溶胶在夏、秋季有三个源：地表土壤源、海洋源和局地污染源，但春季无海洋源。地表土壤源在全年均为五道梁气溶胶的主要来源，在夏季和秋季，地表土壤尘对五道梁气溶胶总质量浓度的相对贡献分别为７０．４％和８２．８％；在春季，地表土壤尘分为大范围背景土壤尘和局地土壤尘，大范围背景土壤尘的相对贡献为７８．５％，局地土壤尘约为９．０％。局地污染源对气溶胶总质量浓度的贡献小而稳定，各季平均约为５．０％～１２．０％，其大小与其中所含土壤尘的多少有关。

The factor analysis(FA)、enrichment factors(EF) and rare-earth element(REE)distribution models were employed for searching the sources of atmospheric aerosol and their seasonal variation at Wudaoliang over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The aerosol samples were sampled in autumn(September～October,1993),spring(April～May,1994) and summer(July～August,1994). The results show that there are three sources of the aerosol at Wudaoliang,they are earth crustal aerosol(soil dust),pollution aerosol and marine aerosol. The soil dust is the main source of the aerosol at Wudaoliang, their mass concentration is about 80% of the totals of the aerosol. The air pollution is not serious, the mass concentration of pollution aerosol is about 5.0%～12.0% of the totals. The marine aerosol was fund only in summer and autumn.