硐室爆破中的块度级配控制及工程应用

Engineering control and application of fragmentation graduation in chamber blasting

为了加快混凝土面板堆石坝的石料开采施工进度,使硐室爆破破碎岩石能一次爆破直接上坝,为硐室爆破破岩达到理想效果提供有利措施。结合某料场硐室大爆破的工程实践,分析了硐室爆破破岩机理、条形药包及集中药包的作用机理、爆破效果块度影响因素、破碎岩石的块度分布区域,阐述了破碎岩石的块度分布区域的计算及改进对策,并根据该硐室大爆破的地质情况特点,探讨了对预设计方案改进的措施。实践证明,石料级配符合水工设计要求,超径石得到有效控制。

In order to advance the speed of construction in rock exploration of concrete faced rock fill dam, make the crushing rock in Chamber Blasting be directly used for filling the dam after once blasting and provide favorable measures for the best blasting effect in chamber blasting. Adopting the engineering practices in a rock plant, the crushing rock mechanism in chamber blasting, effect mechanism of linear and concentrated charge mass, the factors influencing the blasting effect and the distribution of fractured rock were respectively analyzed. Methods for calculating rock fragment and the improving strategies are also expounded. According to the geological characteristics of this chamber blasting, measures for improving the pre-plan are discussed as well. The practical result proves that the stone graduation meets the requirements of hydropower project and the big-sized rocks are controlled effectively.