导管相关感染病原学及危险因素分析

Etiological Study of Catheter-related Infection and Analysis of Risk Factors

目的了解我院导管相关感染(CRI)病原菌特点及危险因素,指导临床合理使用留置针。方法对我院部分科室送检的138例导管培养标本的病原菌进行分析。结果在138例标本中,共分离出132株病原菌,其中革兰氏阳性菌86株、阴性菌12株及真菌12株。金黄色葡萄球菌、真菌、肠球菌和绿脓杆菌分别在导管留置针培养阳性样本中占15.9%、9.1%、6.82%3、.03%。CRI与留置针的留置时间、操作部位及细菌定植部位有相关性(P<0.05)。结论CRI的主要病原菌以革兰阳性球菌为主。长时间放置导管、反复插管及插管的不同部位是导致CRI的潜在危险因素,预防重点是避免导管腔内外的污染。

Objective To study the pathogen features of catheter - related infection （CRI） and the risk factors so as to guide correct application of catheters in clinic. Methods An analysis was made to the pathogens of 138 catheter - euhured samples from some depart- ments in the hospital. Results 132 strains of pathogens were isolated from the 138 samples,in which,there were 86 strains of gram posi- tivebacteria, 12 strains of gram negative bacteria and 12 strains of fungi ; the rates of staphylococcus aureus, fungi, enteroeoceus species and pseudomonas aeruginosa in positive samples were 15.9 %, 9.1%, 6.82 % and 3.03 % respeetively ; Clad was correlated to the time length of catheters, the intubation site and the site of bacterial colonization （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Most of the pathogens of CRI are gram positive bacteria; long time of indwelling, repeated intubation at one site and the selection of proper intubation site are .the potential risk factors leading to CRI, and the key point in prevention is to avoid contamination of the inner or outer of the catheter.