列宁的司法权思想及其时代价值

Lenin’s Thoughts of Judicial Power and Its Time Value

列宁的司法权思想是他在领导俄国无产阶级革命和苏维埃社会主义法制建设的长期斗争实践中逐步形成和发展起来的。人民主权理论构成列宁司法权思想的理论基点,议会制与民主制相结合的制度形成了司法权的制度基础,党的领导与司法权独立是社会主义司法权的权属与基本性质。列宁认为,社会主义国家的司法权来源于国家权力机关,从性质上讲属于国家权力;基于司法权的阶级性和人民性,强调人民直接行使司法权;司法权应当受到严格监督,以防范司法权的滥用。列宁司法权思想不仅对前苏联司法理论和司法制度的形成产生重要作用,而且深刻、全面地影响着我国建国初期法学理论和司法制度的构建,乃至我国当前司法体制的完善和司法改革。

In the process of long - term struggle and practice of leading the proletariat revolution of Russia and the construct of socialism legal system of the Soviet, Lenin＇s thought of the judicial power had been gradually formed and developed. The premise and the staring point of logic of his thought of the judicial power are the theories how to construct the state power. Lenin thought that the judicial power of the socialism nation derive from the state authorities and the nature of the judicial power is a power of state ;basing on the class and the people character of the judicial power, Lenin emphasized the people to exert the judicial power directly;Lenin also thought that the judicial power should be strictly supervised in or- der to prevent the judicial power from being abused. Lenin＇s thought of the judicial power not only engendered an important function to the shape of the judicial theories and the judicial system of the former Soviet Union, but also brought a significant influence to the formation of the legal theories and the judicial system of China in the early days of the establishment of our country and the perfection and reform of the judicature system in the current. We should understand Lenin＇s thought of the judicial power historically and dialectically, and endow a new meaning with Lenin＇s thought of the judicial power to instruct the judicial construct and the judiciary perfect of our socialism country in the new historic period.