BIODEX-Ⅱ型等速测力仪检测男性短跑运动员各关节肌力的灰色关联分析

Gray correlation analysis of articular muscle strength in male sprinters using BIODEX-Ⅱ isokinetic dynamometer

背景:短跑运动中重视上肢及肩带肌群及下肢屈伸肌群力量的平衡,对提高短跑速度起到一定作用。目的:检测男子短跑运动员肩、膝、髋和踝关节肌力,分析其与短跑速度的关联度。设计、时间及地点:于2007-06/07选择业余体校和专业队二级以上男子短跑运动员15名。对象:测试时15名运动员各关节均无任何伤病情况。方法:通过BIODEX-Ⅱ型等速测力及康复系统对专业短跑运动员和业余体校短跑运动员肩、髋、膝、踝关节肌肉力量进行测试,其中肩关节、膝关节、髋关节和踝关节力矩分别选用360,120,120,120(°)/s,在快速运动状态下测定屈伸时相对峰力矩。主要观察指标:上、下肢关节的峰力矩与短跑速度的灰色关联分析。结果:灰色关联分析表明,专业队和业余体校短跑运动员肩关节的屈伸肌群力矩的关联度都在0.921以上,是影响短跑速度的首要因素;膝关节屈伸肌群和髋关节屈肌群的关联度也都在0.793之上,对短跑速度也起很重要的作用;踝关节背屈肌群力量的关联度也较大,对短跑速度也起一定的作用。结论:肩关节屈伸肌群力量、膝关节屈肌群力量、髋关节屈肌群力量是影响短跑速度的主要力量因素。

BACKGROUND：Sprint sports requires the balance in the upper limb, pectoral girdle muscle group and lower limb extensor muscle group, and the balance of these muscle strength is a key content to raise the sprinters＇ performance. OBJECTIVE： To test the muscle strength in shoulder, knee, hip and ankle of the sprinters, and analyze the correlation with sprint speed. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Fifteen male sprinters, either amateur or profession were recruited from June to July in 2007. PARTICIPANTS： Fifteen athletes involved in this study excluded any illness. METHODS： Biodex-II isokinetic dynamometer and rehabilitation system were applied to test the muscle strength in shoulder, knee, hip and ankle of the sprinters at joint torque of 360, 120, 120 and 120（~ ）/s, respectively. The relative torque offlexion and extension was both measured on sprint sports. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Gray correlation between peak torque and sprint speed in upper and low limbs was analyzed. RESULTS： Gray correlation analysis showed that, the crucial factors effecting sprint performance of both amateur and professional athletes was the muscle strength of shoulder flexors and extensors, accounting for exceeding 0.921 correlation, also the muscle strength of knee flexors and extensors, as well as the muscle strength of hip flexors, accounting for exceeding 0.793 correlation, and then the muscle strength of ankle flexors. CONCLUSION： The muscle strength of shoulder flexors and extensors, knee flexors and hip knee flexors are mainly factors influencing the sprint speed.