大学生就业难的成因及其解决的路径选择

The Difficult Employment of New College Graduates And Its Solutions

当前我国大学生就业难问题异常突出,其成因是多方面的,主要包括:大学生供求结构矛盾突出;我国区域经济发展不平衡和产业结构不合理;企业作为劳动力市场的需求方门槛高、缺乏人才储备意识;教育资源短缺、专业设置、培养模式不合理造成毕业生综合素质整体下降;大学生作为劳动力市场上的特殊商品自身存在问题;社会保障制度不健全,大学生人力资本产权未得到充分保障等。解决当前大学生就业难的问题是一项复杂的系统工程,需要从政府、高校、用人单位和大学生本人四个维度进行路径选择,制定科学、合理的解决方案。

At present, new college graduates often feel difficult in job-seeking in China. There are several genesis for this problem ： the contradictions between the supply and demand of college graduates, the regional disparity and unreasonable industrial structure, the excessive demands ofemploying units and their lack of the awareness of talents reserve, the graduates＇comprehensive quality declining caused by insufficient educational resources and the unreasonable curriculum and professional design, the graduates own problems in the labour market, the incomplete system of social protection, and not fully guaranteed property rights of graduates＇human capital. It is a complicated system and requires joint efforts of the government, colleges, employing units and graduates to make scientific decision and take effective measures.