人体脊柱在冲击载荷作用下的动态响应研究

Pesearch on dynamic response of human spines to impact loading

人体脊柱动态响应问题的研究是通过建模来实现的，人体脊柱动力学模型的建立对研究武警战士训练、飞行员弹射救生等脊柱损伤的生物力学以及研究人体脊柱耐受冲击载荷的极限问题都具有重要意义。本文首先发展了Ｋａｎｅ方程Ｈｕｓｔｏｎ方法，使其可应用于变形体连接的多体系统，并以此理论为依据建立人体整椎脊柱冲击动力学模型，此时考虑脊柱的大位移运动，每个椎骨的变形相对椎间盘的变形小得多，把脊柱看成由刚体（椎骨）和变形体（椎间盘）组成的多体系统，并以大型真人坐姿冲击实验结果进行了拟合，最后得到腰椎间盘关节刚度系数因子和阻尼系数因子。

A research on dynamic response of human spines was conducted by establishing a spine dynamic model. The establishment of a human spine dynamic model is of great significance in studying the biomechanics of spinal injury in soldiers , exercise and pilots' ejective survival , and the endurance to impact loading on human spines. In this study , the Huston's method of Kane's equations was developed so that it could be applied to the multi-body-system including translocation between the bodies. The dynamic model of human spines was developed based on these theories , with the big translocation of spines taken into consideration. The deformation of vertebra is far smaller comparing with that at of intervetebral disc , so the spine is considered as a multi-body-system including rigid bodies (vetebra) and the flexible bodies (intervertebral disc ) . The computer solution corresponded with the results of the large scale human impact test. The rigid coefficient factors and the damping factor of intervetebral joints were obtained.