生态退耕与植被演替的时空格局

Spatiotemporal pattern of ecological cropland conversion and vegetation succession:A review

综述了多重尺度上生态退耕的时空格局及其对植被演替时空变异影响的研究进展,提出了生态退耕与植被演替的时空格局研究方向。在自然和人文等因子的驱动下,全球兴起了生态退耕的热潮,生态退耕类型正在由人工恢复为主向自然弃耕为主发展。尽管国内外很多学者开始关注不同尺度上生态退耕的时空格局及其影响因子,但是生态退耕的时空变异性研究仍然比较薄弱,尤其缺乏多重尺度上生态退耕时空格局及其驱动因子的综合研究,在很大程度上限制了研究结果外推。研究表明,受到多因子的综合影响,生态退耕后植被演替呈现出复杂多样的时空变化特征;退耕植被演替研究从植物群落结构特征分析为主向群落功能分析发展,从传统的演替过程规律分析转向退耕植被演替的时空变异性分析;相对来说,生态退耕后植被演替的时空分异、影响因子和机制方面的研究比较薄弱。加强多重尺度上生态退耕时空格局与植被演替时空变异的综合研究是将来的研究重点。

This paper reviewed the studies about the spatiotemporal pattern of ecological cropland conversion and its effects on the spatiotemporal variation of vegetation succession, with the focus on the Loess Plateau of China. Recently, ecological cropland conversion is very popular all over the world due to the driving of both natural and human factors, and is dominated by abandonment rather than rehabilitation. Most of the studies focused on the spatiotemporal pattern of ecological cropland conversion in relation to the affecting factors at different scales, and a few integrated studies were made about the spatiotemporal variation in ecological cropland conversion at multiple scales. After cropland conversion, the vegetation succession showed a complicated spatiotemporal pattern due to comprehensive effects of many factors. The study focus of vegetation succession after cropland conversion showed the trends of： from structure analysis to function analysis of plant community, and from pattern analysis of succession processes to analysis of spatiotemporal variation of vegetation succession. However, it is lack in the study about the spatiotemporal variation, affecting factors, and mechanisms of vegetation succession after cropland conversion, Therefore, in the future, more attention should be paid on the multiple scale spatiotemporal variation of ecological cropland conversion and vegetation succession.