若尔盖及其邻近地区气候变化对湿地生态环境的影响

Climate Change in Zoige Plateau and Adjacent Zone and Its Impact on Wetland Environment

利用若尔盖及其周边8个站点从建站以来的气候资料以及对若尔盖湿地生态环境的调查资料、近期遥感监测资料,从气候变化角度分析了该区域热量资源的变化特征、若尔盖地区生态环境的变化以及引起环境变化的基本原因。结果表明,若尔盖及其周边地区的年平均气温在逐渐上升,若尔盖上升幅度达到0.2284℃/10年,同时各个季节的温度也在逐渐上升,以冬季升温最明显。随着温度的升高,牧草生长季有延长的趋势,对牧草生长具有一定的积极作用,但另一方面也有利于病虫害的越冬,对来年牧草的生长不利。

We collected and analyzed all climatic data at 8 meteorlogical stations in Zoige plateau and adjacent zone. The result show that the annual mean temperature was gradually ascending at all these zones, the ascending extent was 0.2284℃ per year in Zoige plateau. Every season mean temperature simultaneity was gradually ascending, and we find winter ascend temperature was most obvious. We studied annual occurring time of 0℃ and 3℃ aim at pasture, and we find the time distant shorten, the time occurring 0℃ was delayed. The entire growth time of pasture was extend, and the accumulate temperature was increased during growth time of pasture. Our investigate find it was very severity that pasture was gradual turning to desert. By the inspect compare 1999 with 2004, the area of desert increase 4307. 1hm^2 , the increase rate was 73.46 percent. At one time many lakes are gradual shrinking.