教学方法改革:美国研究型大学本科教育改革新动向

Reform of teaching methods: new trend of undergraduate education reform in America's research universities

呼唤大学之道的回归和21世纪大学面临的挑战是美国研究型大学本科教育教学方法改革的主要动因。美国研究型大学教师投身教学方法改革的推动力量主要来自于对学术的重新界定、教师发展中心的作用以及"创造性契约"的激励。以研究为基础的教学模式、以探究为基础的大学新生年、创造本科生的顶峰体验,构成了贯穿其本科教育全过程的教学方法改革的核心内容。

Calling for the regression to rules of universities and the challenges to the 21st universities are main causes for teaching method reform in America＇s research universities. Key promoting forces for teachers in universities devoting into teaching methods reform are： reconsidering of academic, effects of teacher development centers and incentives of ＂creative contract＂. Research-based teaching mode, the inquiry-based freshman year and capstone experience compose core contents of the whole process of teaching method reform in universities.