四川汶川特大地震灾区基本气候特征分析

Analysis of the Climatic Feature in Disaster Area of Wenchuan Earthquake,Sichuan Province

利用四川省气象台站1961~2007年的逐日观测资料,对四川汶川特大地震灾区的气候基本特征及其变化特点进行了分析。结果表明：由于受多种季风和复杂地形的影响,该区降水存在显著的区域差异,逐候降水量的变化可初步分为两种类型,以高原气象站点变化为主的高原型和以四川盆地西北周边气象站点变化为主的盆周型。地震灾区雨季气温近47年呈增加的趋势,降水量呈减少的趋势。地震灾区雨季降水量主要存在2年、4年和16年左右的周期,雨季气温主要存在4年、8年和32年左右的周期,气温和降水异常是不同周期变化共同作用的结果。

The climatic feature of afflicted area of Wenchuan earthquake and its change were investigated using the daily observed data in Sichuan province from 1961 to 2007. The results indicate that the precipitation have regional difference due to the common effect of two sort monsoon and complex terrain. The variation of pentad precipitation could be divided into two types, one is the plateau type that represents the variation of Tibetan Plateau meteorological stations, and another is the Basin - edge type that represents the variation of the meteorological stations at the Northwest edge of Sichuan Basin. The precipitation had an increasing trend during rainy season in recently 47 years in earthquake--stricken area, but the temperature had a decreasing trend. The precipitation had 2a, 4a and 16a period variation, and the tem- perature had 4a, 8a and 32a period variation during rainy season in recently 47 years. The anomaly precipitation and temperature are the common results of different - period change.