微波法合成聚天冬氨酸阻垢剂

Synthesis of Polyaspartic Acid as a Scale-inhibitor Under Microwave Irradiation

以马来酸酐和氨水为单体原料,用微波法合成聚天冬氨酸（PASP）阻垢剂,考察了合成条件,表征了PASP结构。结果表明,最佳合成条件为马来酸酐与氨水摩尔比1∶1.8,微波照射强度23 611 W.m^-3下缩聚反应25 min;阻垢性能实验水中Ca2＋浓度为240 mg.L^-1时,阻垢率可达到90%以上,特别适用于低矿化度（Ca^2＋浓度200-600 mg.L^-1）的工业循环冷却水和油田回注水;本工艺与传统加热法合成PASP相比,避免了高温反应,明显缩短反应时间,提高了反应效率,降低了生产成本,而且对环境无污染。

The polyaspartic acid was synthesized by microwave irradiation using maleic anhydride and ammonia as materials. The optimal reaction conditions were obtained ： maleic anhydride ： ammonia= 1 ： 1.8,microwave output power irradiation 23 611 W · m^-3, and the reaction time 25 min. The results of scale inhibiting tests showed that the product was a good scale-inhibitor, the inhibition ratio was exceedingly 90% while the concentration of Ca^2＋ in experimental water was 240 mg · L^-1. It could be used as scale inhibitor in industrial circulating cooling water and oil-field circulated water especially. Comparing with the traditional process, this method had some advantages such as faster reaction rate, high yield,energy saving and reduction of pollution.