藏族茶文化:茶马贸易与藏族饮茶习俗

Tibetan Tea Culture:Tea-horse Trade and the Tea Drinking Custom of Tibetan

藏族茶文化出现于吐蕃时期,其发展历程依次经历了知茶、需茶和嗜茶三个阶段。藏族茶文化兴起的每个阶段几乎与茶马贸易不相分离;茶马贸易又以茶文化在藏区的传播为依托。一方面,官营茶马贸易的开展加速了藏区茶文化的传播,直接导致了少数民族饮茶习俗的形成;另一方面,官营茶马贸易的产生本身又与中原茶文化向少数民族地区的传播相关联,当少数民族有了用茶的需求时,才能为大宗茶马贸易的开展提供可能性。

The Tibetan tea culture appeared in Tibetan regime in ancient china. The three stages of its development include： knowing tea, requiring tea and being addicted to tea. Almost every stage of the rise o（ the Tibetan tea culture cannot be separated from the horse trading, the tea- horse trade is also based on the propagation of the tea culture in Tibetan area. On one hand, government - run tea - horse trade, speeded up the development of the Tibetan tea culture, and directly led to the formation of the tea drinking customs of ethnic minorities. On the other hand, the appearance of government- run tea - horse trade was associated with the spread of tea culture from the central plains to the ethnic minority areas. When minorities had the demand of tea it provided the possibility for the bulk of the tea- horse trade.