抗球虫药对球虫病雏鸡部分血清生化指标的影响

Effects of anticoccidial drugs on some biochemical indexes in sera of chickens with coccidiosis

【目的】探讨中草药和球敌对雏鸡人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)后部分血清生化指标的影响。【方法】将160只14日龄海兰褐雏鸡随机均分为对照组(I)、感染组(Ⅱ)、中草药组(Ⅲ)和球敌组(Ⅳ)。除I组外,其余组每只鸡口服感染8.0×104个E.tenella孢子化卵囊,并且Ⅲ、Ⅳ组鸡于感染当天分别饮用含生药10 g/L的抗球虫中草药饮水剂和有效质量浓度为1 mg/L的球敌,连用12 d。分别于感染前和感染后3,6,9,12 d,各组随机抽取5只鸡,心脏采血,分离血清,测定血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、甘油三酯(Tg)、尿酸(UA)、肌酐(Cre)含量和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性。【结果】与Ⅱ组比较,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组TP含量在感染后6,9 d分别提高了22.31%(P<0.05),33.57%(P<0.05)和17.48%(P<0.05),24.23%(P<0.05);在感染后6 d,ALB含量提高了26.17%(P>0.05)和48.23%(P<0.05),Tg含量提高了49.25%(P<0.01)和40.30%(P<0.01);UA含量在感染后3 d降低了42.39%(P<0.01)和42.48%(P<0.01);LDH活性在感染后3,6 d分别降低了30.77%(P<0.01),30.13%(P<0.01)和23.36%(P<0.05),21.21(P<0.05)。Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清Cre含量及ALP活性与Ⅱ组相比差异不显著,但在感染后6 d,分别降低了17.51%,12.52%和16.92%,14.39%。与I组相比,在感染后3 d,Ⅲ组血清TP含量提高了24.94%(P<0.05),而Ⅳ组Tg含量降低了32.99%(P<0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ组UA含量在感染后3,6,9 d分别提高了111.66%(P<0.01),111.36%(P<0.01);69.45%(P<0.01),76.25(P<0.01)和35.09%(P<0.05),43.99%(P<0.05);Cre含量在感染后3,6 d分别提高了45.41%(P<0.05),49.94%(P<0.05)和49.97%(P<0.05),59.05%(P<0.05),而其他指标的差异不显著。【结论】中草药和球敌通过抵抗球虫感染,在一定程度上有助于保持血清生化指标的相对恒定。

[Objective] The effects of traditional Chinese medicine and qiudi on some biochemical indexes in sera of chickens infected with E. tenella were studied. [Method] One hundred and sixty hyline brown chickens of 14-day-old were randomly and equally divided into control group （ Ⅰ ）, infected group （ Ⅱ ）,traditional Chinese medicine group （Ⅲ）and qiudi group（ Ⅳ ）. All chickens were orally inoculated with 8 × 10^1 sporulated oocysts of Eirneria tenella except chickens of group Ⅰ , at the same time the chicks of group Ⅲ and Ⅳ received water with 10 g/L（crude drug）of anticoccidial herbal medicine and 1 mg/L （effective concentration）of qiudi for 12 days respectively. Five chicks were selected at random from each group and bled from hearts at pre-infection and 3,6,9,12 day post-infection, then sera were separated . The contents of TP, ALB,Tg, UA,Cre and activities of LDH, ALP were measured. [Result] Compared with group Ⅱ ,seral TP content of group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ significantly increased by 22.31%（P〈0.05） ,33.57%（P〈 0.05） and 17.48%（P〈0.05） ,24.23%（P〈0.05）respectively on the 6th,9th day post-infection（dpi） ,the contents of ALB and Tg also increased by 26.17%（P〉0.05）, 48.23%（P〈0.05）and 49.25%（P〈0.01）, 40.30%（P〈0.01）on 6 dpi, but UA content significantly decreased by 42.39%（P〈0.01）and 42.48% （P〈0.01）on 3 dpi,the activity of LDH significantly decreased by 30.77%（P〈0.01）,30.13%（P〈0.01） and 23.36%（P〈0.05）,21.21%（P〈0.05）on 3 dpi and 6 dpi,the content of Cre and ALP activity decreased by 17.51%, 12.52% and 16.92% , 14.39% respectively, on the 6th day of post-infection. Compared with group Ⅰ ,seral TP content of group Ⅲ significantly increased by 24.94%（P〈0.05）on 3 dpi, but Tg content of group Ndecreased by 32.99% （P〈0.05）, and UA content of group Ⅲ and Ⅳ significantly increased by 111.66%（P〈0.01） ,Ⅲ.36%（P〈0. 01） ;69.45%（P〈0.01） ,76.25% （P〈0.01） and 35.09%（P〈0.05） ,43.99%（P〈0.05）respectively on 3 dpi,6 dpi and 9 dpi,the content of Cre significantly increased by 45.41%（P〈0.05） ,49.94（P〈0.05）and 49.97%（P〈0. 05）, 59.05%（P〈0.05） on 3 dpi and 6 dpi,but the other parameters were not significant. [Conclusion] The results implied that traditional Chinese medicine and qiudi could keep the relative stability of seral biochemical indexes by resisting coccidial infection to a certain extent.