高原冲击伤伤情特点的实验研究

Experimental study on characteristics of blast injury at high altitude

目的探讨高原冲击伤的伤情特点。方法成年SD大鼠130只,雌雄各半,分别暴露于环境压力53.99、61.33、65.60、96.60kPa,然后用BST-1型生物激波管致伤,各组驱动段压力均为3.8MPa。观察现场至伤后6小时动物存活情况和大体形态学改变。结果随环境气压降低,冲击波引起的大鼠死亡率明显增加,肺损伤程度明显加重。伤后6小时,53.99、61.33、65.60、96.60kPa暴露组的死亡率分别为40%、16.67%、0、0。肺出血和肺水肿的程度随环境气压降低而明显加重,平均肺体指数分别为1.17%、1.08%、0.92%、0.71%。结论高原环境可降低动物对冲击波的耐受性,高原冲击伤的死亡率和肺损伤程度较低海拔地区更高。

Objective To explore the characteristics of blast injury at high altitude. Methods Adult SD rats were explosd to ambient pressure of 53.99,61.33,65.60,96.60kPa,respectively. They were inflicted on blast injury in BST-1 shock tude with driving pressure of 3.8MPa. Results As the ambient pressure decreased,both the mortality rate of rats and severity of lung injury caused by blast wave increased remarkably. Six hours after injury, the mortality rate in the group with ambient pressure of 53.99,61.33,65.60,96.60kPa were 40%, 16.67% ,0,0, respectively, the mean lung body index were 1.17%, 1.08% ,0.92% ,0.71% ,respectively. Conclusion The decreasing of ambient pressure may decrease the toleration of animals to blast wave. The mortalily rate and severity of lung injury caused by blast wave at high altitude are higher than that at sea level and lower altitude.