脉冲爆震发动机热力学性能分析

Thermodynamic Performance Analysis of Air-breathing Pulse Detonation Engine

为确定脉冲爆震发动机具有飞行优势的可工作条件,分析了一种吸气式脉冲爆震发动机工作形式,提出了相应的热力循环过程,通过引入代表参与爆震循环工质与流入发动机内的总工质比的循环系数概念,研究了理想情况下脉冲爆震发动机比Brayton循环更具有优势时循环系数的容许限.结果表明：相比冲压发动机,脉冲爆震发动机要在飞行范围0-5马赫具有优势,循环系数必须高于0.8,当这两种类型发动机燃烧汽油相同时,对循环系数的要求将高于0.9.

In order to acquire the wok conditions at which pulse detonation engine is predominant, a new single-tube air-breathing pulse detonation engine （APDE） with bypass air duct,which is composed of inlet, valve, detonation chamber, bypass air duct and nozzle, is introduced. According to the thermodynamic cycle of the APDE, the concept of cycle factor a, representing the ratio of air quantity for detonation combustion to incoming air quantity, is defined to analyze the influence of the mass distribution on the performance of APDE. With this method, this article compares the performances between air-breathing pulse detonation engine and propulsion system with Brayton cycle. It is shown that cycle factor a should be larger than 0. 8 if APDE has more advantages than ramjet at flight Mach of 0- 5. And when these two engines have same equivalence ratio of combustion, the a should be increased to 0.9.