完善我国未成年人犯罪非刑罚矫正制度的构想

The Perfection of Non-penalty Rectification System about Minor Crime in our Country

未成年人生理、智力尚不成熟,人生观、价值观尚未形成,对他们犯罪应尽可能适用非刑罚化矫正。目前我国未成年人犯罪作非刑罚处理的法律规定只有《刑法》第17条第4款和适用于一般主体的第37条。第37条把"犯罪情节轻微不需要判处刑罚"设为一个"口袋",规定把凡是符合这个"口袋"标准的情况都给予"免予刑事处罚"。这两条规定罗列了总共八条非刑罚性矫正措施。这种规定过于简单,远未上升到制度层面,在实践中造成无法可依、无章可循及主观擅断、监管不力和形同虚设的局面。未成年人犯罪非刑罚化矫正制度在语义上应当包含四方面内容和五方面外延。进行制度化构建需要确定基本的指导原则、明确适用的对象、制定详尽的矫正措施并对每种措施设计出规范的操作程序等。

Since the minors are not mature in physiology and intelligence, their outlooks on life and the values not yet formed thoroughly. They should be rectified in the non-penalty measures to their crimes as far as possible. At present our country＇s legal rules providing the non-penalty processes for minor crimes are just ＂Criminal law＂ 17th article and 37th article. The 37th article looks on ＂that crimes because they are so slight that they are not deserved the penalties＂ as＂ a pocket＂, all cases within this ＂pocket＂ may be given ＂exemption from punishments ＂. These two stipulations displayed the altogether eight non-penalty rectification measures. Obviously, this kind of stipulation is too simple and far from the system stratification plane and thus just nominal in practice. In the semantics, the non-penalty rectification system about minor crime should contain four aspects in contents and five aspects in extension. To construct this system needs to determine the basic guiding principles, clear about the applicable objects, formulate exhaustive rectification measures and design normal standards of operation procedure to each of the measures.