他人与道德意识

The Other and Moral Consciousness

在波伏瓦那里,作为意识的"我"与作为意识的"他"之间存在着的是一种冲突关系,其强调自我意识的"含混的道德"可以被归属于"没有道德的生存论";梅洛-庞蒂在文化共同体中探讨"我"与"他"的关系问题,与他人共在的道德意识导致的是一种"有道德的存在论";而在列维-斯特劳斯那里,一种维护文明的多样性和他人的绝对他性的道德意识超越了生存论立场。

There exists a relationship of conflict between 'I' as consciousness and 'He' as consciousness in Simone de Beauvoir,and her 'ambiguous ethics' which emphases the self consciousness can be put into the category of 'Existentialism without ethics'.Merleau-Ponty deals with the question of the relationship between 'I' and 'He' in a cultural community.He argues that the moral consciousness of being-with the other leads to a so-called 'Existentialism with ethics'.However,in Levi-Strauss,the moral consciousness which tries to keep the multiplicity of civilizations and the absolute otherness of the other surpasses the existentialist position.