急进驻高原官兵食物消费与膳食结构分析

Food consumption and dietary pattern in military officers and soldiers fleetly coming into high altitude

目的:调查急进驻高原官兵膳食摄入状况及其特点.方法:选取某快速反应作战部队120人作为研究样本人群,膳食调查采用连续7d(路途4d,高原3d)24h膳食回顾法记录所有摄取食物.结果:急进高原官兵行军途中和进驻高原后的前3d所有食物的消费量均低于军人食物定量标准.谷类、蔬菜类、禽畜肉类、鱼虾类、蛋类、豆类在途中达标率分别为:81.64%,9.20%,61.25%,5.00%,28.33%,0.35%,在进驻高原后的前3d达标率分别为:57.45%,16.00%,49.37%,18.33%,33.33%,0.36%.能量和主要营养素摄入量均未达到军人日膳食能量与营养素供给量标准.能量和蛋白质在途中达标率分别为:62.00%,64.00%,在进驻高原后的前3d达标率分别为:53.00%,55.00%.结论:急进驻高原官兵膳食结构不合理,应全面增加各类食品的消费量,尤其是增加蔬菜和豆类食品的摄入.

AIM： To investigate the status and characteristics of dietary intake in military officers and soldiers fleetly coming into high altitude. METHODS： 120 subjects in the dietary survey were randomly sampled from military officers and soldiers in rapid reaction troops, and the 24 h dietary recall method for 7 successive days （ march for 4 d and station at high altitude for 3 d） was used to collect food intake information. RESULTS： The consumption of all food within the 7 d was all lower than the standard food ration quantitative criteria of soldiers. The rates of reaching the mark of cereal, vegetables, poultry and domestic meat, fishery products, eggs and legumes were respectively 81.64% ,9.20% , 61.25%, 5.00%, 28.33% and 0.35% during the marching, and they were respectively 57.45%, 16. 00%, 49.37%, 18.33%, 33.33% and 0.36% in the first 3 d after entering plateau. Dietary intake of energy and main nutrient elements did not reach the standard of energy and main nutriment for the military personnel daily. The rates of reaching the mark of energy and protein were respectively 62.00% and 64.00% in the route, and 53.00% and 55.00% in the first 3 d after entering plateau. CONCLUSION： Dietary pattern is unreasonable in the military personnel entering fleetly high altitude region. They should increase the consumption of all sorts of food, especially vegetables and legumes.