老年病人腋下体温测量时间的探讨

Discussion of the time for measuring the elderly patients＇ axillary temperature

目的探讨使用玻璃水银体温计为老年病人测量腋下体温所需的较好时间。方法分为实验组78例，平均年龄79岁；对照组52例，平均年龄33．5岁。取3支符合测量要求的体温表，同时置于受试者的同侧腋下，于测量时间满5，10，15rain时分别取出，记录测得的体温值，进行统计学分析。结果实验组5，10，15min测得体温分别为（36．01±0．54），（36．30±0．41），（36．45±0．37）℃，（P〈0．01）；对照组5，10，15min测得体温分别为（36．11±0．37），（36．64±O．34），（36．87±0．29）℃，（P〈O．01）。3组比较，差异有统计学意义。实验组与对照组组间比较，5rain组无统计学意义；10，15min组有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论老年组病人各时间段体温均较年轻组为低；老年病人测量体温，在条件允许的情况下测量15min更接近其真实的体内温度，10min测量时间可能比较适合于临床应用，5min测量时间不能够正确反映体内温度。

Objective To explore the better time for representing the true body temperature when measuring the axillary temperatures of the elderly patients with clinical thermometer. Methods The objects were divided into the test group （78 cases） with an average age of 79 years and the control groiJp （52 cases） with an average age of 33.5 years. Three thermometers meeting the measurement requirement were selected and were placed in the armpit of the two groups. The thermometers were taken out when measuring for 5, 10 and 15 minutes, respectively. The body temperatures were recorded and analyzed statistically. Results The temperatures at 5, 10 and 15 minutes were （36.01 ± 0.54）, （36.30 ± 0.41 ） and （36.45 ± 0.37） ℃ in the elderly patient group, and （36.11 ± 0.37）, （36.64 ±0.34） and （36.87 ± 0.29）℃in the control group （P 〈 O. 01 ）. There was a statistical meaning when compared among the three groups. When compared between the elderly patient group and the control goroup, there were statistical meanings in the times of 10 and 15 minutes, and no statistical meaning in the time of 5 minutes （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The body temperatures of the aged group are lower than those of the young group in the different times. If the condition allows, the time for representing the true body temperature should be at 15 minutes and for clinical practice in China maybe is at 10 minutes. 5 minutes of measurement can not exactly reflect the the true body temperature.