精神科护士主观幸福感、人格特征和应对方式的相关性研究

Subjective well-being of psychiatric nurses and its correlations with personality and coping style

目的探讨精神科护士主观幸福感状况及其与人格特征和应对方式的相关性，并提出精神科护理人员管理方面的建议。方法采用幸福感指数量表、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版和简易应对方式问卷，对194名精神科护士进行调查，并对其主观幸福感与人格特征、应对方式之间的关系进行了相关性分析。结果90．3％精神科护士幸福感总分（9．13±2．51）为中度幸福感，低于教师和大中学生等群体；与常模相比，精神科护士具有较高的积极应对方式水平和较低的消极应对方式水平；精神质、神经质和消极应对等维度与主观幸福感呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论情感淡漠、情绪不稳的人格特征及经常采取消极应对方式会削弱精神科护士的主观幸福感，重视对精神科护理人员心理健康教育和辅导有助于增强精神科护理人员的幸福感。

Objective To explore the subjective well-being （SWB） of psychiatric nurses and its correlations with personality and coping style, and to make a suggestion on management of psychiatric nurses. Methods 194 psychiatric nurses were surveyed with Index of Well-being （IWB）, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ） and Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale for Chinese （EPQ-RSC）, and the correlations among subjective well-being, personality and coping style were analyzed. Results The total score of subjective well-being of 90.3% psychiatric nurses was （9.13 ±2.51） , which was a medium level and lower than prison police, teachers and students in high school or colleges. In comparison to the norm of Chinese population, psychiatric nurses scored higher in Subscale E and N, Rower in Subseale P, otherwise they chose more positive coping styles and less negative ones. Bivariate correlation indicated the subjective well-being of psychiatric nurses had negative correlations with psychoticism, neuroticism and negative coping style （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions The subjective well-being of psychiatric nurses is relatively low, and it is relevant to psychoticism, neuroticism and negative coping style. So more psychological service should be provided for psychiatric nurses to enhance their well-being.