对140例直肠癌结肠造口患者生活质量的调查与分析

Investigation and analysis on quality of life in 140 rectal cancer patients after colostomy

目的了解直肠癌永久性腹壁造口患者术后生活质量的现状，分析及探讨影响生活质量因素，寻求相应的护理对策，旨在提高术后患者的生活质量。方法采用SF-36量表问卷调查法对140例直肠癌永久性腹壁造口患者的生活质量情况进行调查。结果直肠癌永久性腹壁造口患者生活质量各维度得分均低于一般人群（P〈0．05），生理职能得分为（24．3±36．1）分，下降最为明显。手术后携带造口时间与生活质量各维度（一般健康状况和躯体疼痛除外）呈现负相关（P〈0．05）。结论直肠癌永久性腹壁造口患者生活质量各方面均明显下降，护理过程中更加需要加强术前宣教、术后教育护理以及社会支持来改善护理效果，提高患者的生活质量。

Objective To investigate the quality of life in rectal cancer patients after permanent abdominal colostomy, analyse its influential factors and find the nursing mode for enhancing the quality of life. Methods The questionnaire of SF-36 was used to survey 140 cases of rectal cancer patiens after permanent abdominal colostomy. Results The scores of quality of life in rectal cancer patients were lower than those of the general crowd （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The score of rote physical was （ 24.3 ± 36. 1 ） , with an obvious decrease. The postoperative time after colostomy and each dimension of quality of life （ except the general state of health and the body pain） appeared negative correlation （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Each aspect of life quality of rectal cancer patients after permanent abdominal colostomy obviously decreases. To enhance the preoperative explanation, the postoperative nursing education and the social support could improve the nursing effect and the quality life of patients.