神经性吞咽障碍的康复护理

Rehabilitation nursing of neuro-dysphagia

目的评价康复护理对神经性吞咽障碍的护理效果。方法将33例神经性吞咽障碍患者分为实验组和对照组，对实验组患者进行了口腔吞咽肌活动训练、冰刺激、咳嗽练习、饮食训练、电刺激等一系列康复护理，对照组患者进行常规的口腔吞咽肌活动训练和饮食指导。患者入院4周后进行洼田咽水试验评分及患者主观感受评价。结果实验组的洼田咽水试验得分为（2．56±0．51），对照组为（3．07±0．59），两组差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；在“患者丰观感受”指标方面，实验组得分为（2．67±0．59），对照组得分为（1．93±0．59），两组之间的差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论康复护理和常规护理都能减轻患者的吞咽障碍程度，但康复护理比常规护理更加有效。

Objective To evaluate the effect of rehabilitation nursing on neuro-dysphagia patients. Methods 30 neuro-dysphagia patients were randomly divided into two groups. One group was given rehabilitation nursing, which included muscular practice, ice stimulation, respiration practice, feeding and electric stimulation. The other group was given normal nursing, which included muscular practice and daily health education. After one month, these patients would be evaluated by two signs, Watian test and their subjective feeling. Results The scores of Watian test were （ 2. 56 ±0. 51 ） and （ 3.07 ± 0. 59 ） in the rehabilitation group and the control group, respectively. The difference between the two groups had statistical meaning （ P 〈 0. 05）. In the aspect of subjective feeling, the socores were （2.67±0.59） and （ 1.93 ±0.59） in the rehabilitation group and the control group, respectively. The difference had statistical meaning （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Both rehabilitation nursing and normal nursing could reduce the leval of dysphagia, but rehabilitation nursing is more effective than normal nursing.