彼彻姆和查瑞斯的原则主义进路及其改进

Beauchamp and Childress' Principlism Approach and Its Improvement

在全球化、多元化背景下,彼彻姆和查瑞斯通过寻找普世原则来容纳道德多元主义和避免道德相对主义,进而为医学伦理学提供一系列清晰、明确、有效的道德规范的努力无疑是可贵的,但其原则主义存在的突出问题是反思平衡方法在实践中不能有效解决根本性的道德冲突。针对这一不足,我们尝试提出解决道德冲突的更有希望的思路。

In the background of globalization and pluralism, the effort which Beauchamp and Childress have made to seek for some general principles in order to avoid moral relativism and to accommodate moral pluralism, and provide a series of clear, explicit and effective moral norms for medical ethics,is no doubt valuable. A prominent problem with Beauchamp and Childress＇ principlism is that the method of ＂reflective equilibrium＂ often fails to solve basic moral conflicts successfully in practice. Aiming at this deficiency, we try to suggest a more hopeful thought to solve moral conflicts.