田湾核电站周边土壤及植物中^137Cs含量调查及人群内辐射风险评价

^(137)Cs Contents in Soil and Plants after Tianwan Nuclear Power Station(TNPS) Operation and the Inner Radiation Risk Assessment

为了调查田湾核电站运行后土壤环境中核素137Cs放射性水平的变化及评估其对当地居民的健康风险,采用现场采样测定的方法,分析了田湾核电站装料2年后周边土壤及植物中137Cs的放射性水平,并与运行前的本底调查结果进行了比较,同时利用放射性核素对人群内辐射风险评价模型结合田湾地区居民饮食情况对人群辐射风险进行了评估.结果表明,核电站运行2年后周边土壤中137Cs的放射性水平与运行前相比总体上没有明显变化,但个别村镇点位的137Cs放射性水平升高;核电站周边植物中137Cs的放射性水平均远低于我国相关国家标准(GB14882-1994)和运行前的本底值;田湾地区高公岛居民核素137Cs的年总摄入量为18.62Bq·a-1,远低于我国国标成人限值(GB14882-1994).通过摄入137Cs引起的人群内辐射总致癌风险较低,为1.51×10-7a-1,其中超过50%的风险来源于摄入鱼类海产品.

The contents of ^137Cs in the soil and plants in Tianwan were measured 2 years after the Nuclear Power Station operation and the potential inner radiation risks were assessed on the basis of a dietary survey conducted among local healthy residents, to investigate the variations of ^137Cs and assess its health risk. Results show that, mostly there is no significant difference before and after the operation of TNPS, while the levels of ^137Cs in some towns are increased. The contents of ^137Cs in vegetation are far lower than those of the national standard of China（GB14882-1994） and also not more than those before the operation. The investigation in Gaogong Island indicates that the total intake of ^137Cs is 18.62Bq·a^-1, far below the limits of GB14882-1994. The total hazard ratio is 1.51×10^-7a^-1, and more than 50 percent comes from fish diet.