摘要
越南湄公河三角洲近来的发展生机勃勃,但是现在它正处于一个值得注意的十字路口上。一方面,农业生产发展取得成效,经济增长非常迅速,不过另一方面,环境的可持续性和社会公正面临集约农业和大尺度控水构建的挑战。发展计划包含的一个强烈信念就是人类能够掌控自然和湄公河三角洲的水体。在许多情况下,水资源规划者低估了湄公河三角洲生态和生活的复杂性和完整性。本文考察的案例是那些开发的努力在某些方面取得了成功的地方,但这些地方也形成了一些新的风险,尤其是对最贫穷的人民来说。当前的形势需要更具可持续性的发展路线,这条路线要求对与湄公河流量改变相关的更适应性的措施进行考察。
Development in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam has been very dynamic in the recent past,and currently it stands at an interesting crossroads.On one hand, agricultural production has developed successfully,and economic growth has been very rapid,but on the other hand,intensifying agriculture and large-scale water-control structures have challenged the environmental sustainability and social equity.The development plans have included a strong belief in the human mastery over the nature and waters of the Mekong Delta.In many cases,water resources planners have underestimated the complexity and integrated nature of the ecology and livelihoods of the Mekong Delta.This article examines cases where development efforts,while successful in some dimensions,have also contributed to create new risks for,especially,the poorest groups.The current situation calls for a more sustainable future route that would require examination of more adaptive measures in relation to the changing water flows of the Mekong River.
