土地整理中的生态环境问题与对策

ECO-ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND APPROACHES IN LAND CONSOLIDATION

土地整理作为实现土地资源可持续利用,提高土地利用率及耕地总量动态平衡的手段,在实现土地资源的合理配置,保障食物安全和生态方面起到积极的作用。本文阐明了土地整理中生态环境保护研究的必要性,对土地整理实施过程中可能造成的区域内水土流失面积增加、景观多样性和生物多样性降低、农业面源污染加重和水资源利用紧张度增加等生态环境问题进行了分析,并从土地整理对象、土地整理项目执行前生态环境影响评价、土地整理项目中景观生态设计、土地整理项目后续管理、基础设施建设与水土保持相结合等方面提出了土地整理中的生态环境优化对策,为规范化和科学化管理土地整理提供思路。

Land consolidation, as a means to realize the sustainable utilization of land resources and to enhance the land utilization efficiency and to maintain the dynamic balance of gross land quantity, plays a key role in land resources allocation, guarantee of food and ecology. This paper illustrates the necessity of protecting the ecological environment in land consolidation, analyzes some issues regarding ecological environment during land consolidation, such as the worsening soil erosion, the decrease of landscape and biological diversity, the aggravation of agricultural surface pollution and the increase of water utilization. At the same time, it presents some approaches to optimizing environment, such as to select land consolidation object, to analyze the effect about the ecological environment before the execution of land consolidation, to design the landscape during the land consolidation, to manage the land consolidation after it ends, to combine the basic construction and conservation of water and soil and so on, thus providing a way to managing the land consolidation projects in a scientifically standard way.