肝素的平喘作用

Antiasthmatic effect of heparin

目的：探讨肝素的平喘作用。方法：采用豚鼠整体动物引喘法和兔改良肺溢流法观察肝素的平喘作用；采用Ｇｒｅｅｎ法观察肝素对豚鼠血清一氧化氮（ＮＯ）含量的影响；采用二甲苯诱发小鼠耳肿胀法以及大鼠松节油气囊肉芽肿法观察肝素对炎症的影响；采用小鼠断尾法和豚鼠玻管法观察肝素对出凝血时间的影响。结果：肝素气雾给药，５２０．８３、１０４１．６６Ｕ·ｋｇ－１可使豚鼠引喘潜伏期延长；５２０．８３Ｕ·ｋｇ－１可使兔肺溢流量减少；１０４１．６６Ｕ·ｋｇ－１可使豚鼠血清ＮＯ含量增加。但等剂量的肝素对动物的急、慢性炎症及出凝血时间无明显影响。结论：小剂量肝素气雾给药有明显的气道扩张及平喘作用；此剂量肝素的应用可避免出血倾向等不良反应的发生；其平喘１９９７－０１－３１收稿，１９９７－０３－０２修回作者简介：明亮，女，４９岁，副教授作用可能与抗炎作用无直接关系；ＮＯ含量升高与其平喘作用有何联系，尚待研究。

AIM: To study antiasthmatic effect of heparin. METHODS: The methods of the whole animals asthma in guinea pigs and airoverflow of the lungs in rabbits were used to observe antiasthmatic effect. Green method was adopted to measure serum nitric oxide(NO) in guinea pigs. The ear swelling was induced by dimethylbenzene in mice and the air pouch granuloma was induced by turpentime in rats for acute and chronic inflammatory reaction. The time of hemorrhage and coagulation was measured with the tail cut method in mice and microglass tube method in guinea pigs. RESULTS:Inhaled heparin 520 83, 1041 66 U·kg -1 could significantly lengthen the incubation period of asthma. Inhaled heparin 520 83 U·kg -1 could markedly decrease the airoverflow of the lungs. Inhaled heparin 1041 66 U·kg -1 could significantly increase the content of serum NO. However, heparin of the same dose did not influence inflammatory reaction and the time of hemorrhage and coagulation. CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled heparin of low dose has obviously airwaydilator and antiasthmatic effect. Heparin of the above dose can avoid the hemorrhage reaction. It is possible that antiasthmatic effect has no direct connection with antiinflammatory effect. It is necessary to further study the relation between elevated NO and antiasthmatic effect.