多输入多输出的异构无线传感器网络时分多址调度算法

TDMA Scheduling Protocol for MIMO-Based Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

针对基于多输入多输出技术的无线传感器网络中节点接入信道过程复杂、容易产生碰撞等问题,提出了采用异构无线传感器网络模型和基于该网络模型的集中式时分多址调度算法.网络模型中的节点分为普通节点和带有多天线的特殊节点,节点被分为多个簇,特殊节点担当簇头角色,且在特殊节点间建立树形路由.该网络模型有效解决了分配时隙时节点的传输方向性问题.基于该模型的时分多址算法首先根据特殊节点的冲突节点度大小为节点染色,然后根据节点的数据包数与距基站跳数的乘积确定节点分配时隙的先后次序.实验结果表明,该算法可以有效避免冲突,提高时隙利用率,具有时延小、吞吐量大、适用于基于多输入多输出技术的无线传感器网络等优点.

In order to solve the problems that the process of accessing channel is complex and pronely causes collision in MIMO-based wireless sensor networks （WSN）, a heterogeneous WSN model and a centralized time division multiple access （TDMA） scheduling algorithm based on the network model are proposed. The nodes of the network model are classified into common nodes and special nodes with multiple antennas, and are divided into clusters. The special nodes act as cluster headers, and tree-routes are constructed among them. The network model effectively solves the problem of transmission direction as assigning time slot. The scheduling algorithm based on the model first colors the nodes with considering the conflict node degree of special node, then decides the scheduling priority according to the product of node packet number and hop to the base station. The simulations show that the algorithm enables to effectively avoid conflict and raises utilization rate of slot with better performances in latency, throughput and suitability for the MIMO-based WSN.