民主化进程中东南亚国家的华人政治参与——以菲律宾、马来西亚和印度尼西亚为例

The Political Participation of Ethnic Chinese in the Democratization of Southeast Asian Countries——Taking Cases of Philippine,Malaysia and Indonesia

近年来东南亚华人政治参与发展很快,但各国在参与形式、所选渠道、参与层次及绩效等方面仍存在较大差异。本文通过对菲律宾、马来西亚和印度尼西亚三国华人政治参与的比较分析,发现民主化进程的确推动了华人政治参与的扩大,但具体影响方式、影响范围和影响力大小又是不确定的。合作、竞争和依附,至少构成三种不同的路径选择。较之民主化因素,民族身份认同对东南亚国家华人政治参与模式选择的影响更大。

In recent years, ethnic Chinese in Southeast Asia make great progress in political participation. However, great differences appear in the form, access, level and effect of their political participation in different countries of the region. Based on the comparison of their political participation in the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia, we find that democratization indeed pushes forward Chinese political participation; however, it differ lot in the modes, ranges and degrees of its influence. At least there are three different approaches for ethnic Chinese to carry on political participation-cooperation, competition and attachment. Compared with other factors of democratization, racial identification plays a much more important role.