超临界CO_2和微波萃取茶叶籽油工艺研究

Study on Extraction Technologies of Tea Seed Oil by Microwave and Supercritical CO_2

通过微波萃取和超临界CO2(SC-CO2)萃取茶叶籽油的正交试验,考察影响萃取效果的主要因素,探讨最佳萃取工艺条件。超临界CO2萃取的优化工艺条件为:萃取压力35MPa、萃取温度45℃、萃取时间80min、分离温度30℃、CO2流量25～35kg/h,原料粉碎度40目,在此条件下油脂得率为28.07%。微波萃取优化工艺条件为:以环己烷为萃取剂,原料粉碎度40目,溶剂与物料质量比值为5.0,微波功率700W,每次微波辐射时间50s,微波累计辐射6次,在此条件下油脂得率为27.16%。并比较不同提取方法对油脂得率和油脂品质的影响。结果表明,微波萃取所需时间较短,超临界CO2萃取所得茶叶籽油的品质较优,是提取优质茶叶籽油的首选方法。

The supercritical CO2 （SC-CO2） and microwave were used to extract teaseed oil respectively, and their extraction conditions were optimized by orthogonal test respectively. The optimal SC-CO2 extraction conditions are determined as follows： extraction pressure 35 MPa, extraction temperature 45 ℃, separation temperature 30 ℃, extraction time 80 min, material particle size 40 meshes and CO2 flow rate 25-35 kg/h.The optimal microwave extraction conditions are determined as follows： cyclohexane as extraction solvent, ratio of solvent to material 5.0, microwave power 700 W, radiation time 50 s, radiation times 6 and material particle size 40 meshes. The yields of tea seed oil obtained by SC-CO2 and microwave are 28.07% and 27.16 %, respectively. The extraction time by microwave is shorter than that by SC-CO2, while the quality of tea seed oil by SC-CO2 is better than that by microwave. So the SC-CO2 extraction is a better technique for extracting oil from tea seed.