上海市1950～1995年控制狂犬病的工作

HUMANRABIESCONTROLINSHANGHAI,1950-1995

上海市人狂犬病的报告发病率：以１９５０年１９８／１０万为最高；１９５８～１９８８年无本地感染病人，仅有２例外地感染者；１９８９～１９９５年发病率波动于０～００３／１０万。对咬人的可疑犬进行狂犬病病毒分离：１９５８～１９８８年本地犬未发现携带病毒，１９８９～１９９５年检出带病毒犬波动于１～２５只／年。１９８５～１９９５年外地和本地狂犬病病人共计１２例，其中９例未经伤口处理，未注射狂犬病疫苗和抗狂犬病血清。１９８４～１９９４年检出外来和本地带狂犬病病毒犬５５只，咬伤１９４人，经过伤口处理，注射狂犬病疫苗和抗狂犬病血清，无一例发病。对控制狂犬病的预防措施进行了探讨。

The circumstances of the incidence of human rabies in Shanghai during the years 1950-1995 were presented in the review The highest morbidity due to human rabies was 1 98 per 100,000 population in 1950 During 1958-1988,no human rabies was diagnosed with the exception of two cases,who were infected from other provinces in 1983 and 1985 In the period of 1989-1995,the morbidity due to human rabies fluctuated from 0 to 0 03/100,000 During 1958-1988,no rabies virus in Shanghai was isolated from dogs that bit humans Since 1989 to 1995,the number of rabies virus isolated in dogs biting persons were 1 to 25 every year During 1985-1995,9 out of 12 human rabies including the cases bitten by dogs outside of Shanghai received neither treatment of the wound nor vaccination and antiserum injection In the period of 1984-1994,there were 194 persons bitten by 55 rabies virus-positive dogs including dogs outside of Shanghai All of them had taken postexposure prophylaxis tha| consisted of wound treatment,vaccination and antiserum injection Under the medical follow-up for more than one year,they had not been suffered from rabies Rabies in humans can be prevented in Shanghai by administration of dogs and rabies postexposure prophylaxis to all persons who had been bitten by dogs