四川水土资源可持续利用与生态保护

ON THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF WATER AND SOIL RESOURCES AND ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION IN SICHUAN PROVINCE

保护好四川水土资源和生态环境,对保障全国粮食安全,对全国的生态保护与建设和长江中下游地区的经济发展均有十分重要的意义。系统分析研究了四川水土资源与生态保护现状,针对水土流失面广强度大、土地沙化、退化和荒漠化严重、人地矛盾日益尖锐、粮食安全保障问题日益凸显、水资源利用率低、旱灾严重等问题,提出了切实保护耕地资源,确保基本农田保护面积总量不减少、质量不降低;合理确定退耕还林规模,稳定和保护现有耕地面积;加大中低产田土改造力度,节约集约利用有限的土地资源;节约用水,加强水利工程建设,提高水资源利用率和供水能力;加强对水土流失的综合治理等5条水土资源可持续利用与生态环境保护的相应对策与措施。

It is very important for the safeguard of national food security, ecological conservation and construction, the economic development of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to protect soil and water resources and ecological environment in Sichuan. In this paper,a systematic analysis and estimate has been done on soil and water resources and the status of ecological protection in Sichuan, encountering to a series of problems, such as extensive and consuming soil erosion, serious desertification and degradation of grassland, increasingly acute contradictions land, potential crises of food, low utilization of water resources and the severe drought,five countermeasures about sustainable use of water and soil resources and ecological environment protection have been put forward, which were practically protecting farming resources, keeping up total quantity and quality of basic farmland with the present level;ascertaining de-farming and reafforestation area, steadying and protecting existing cultivated area; intensifying the improvement of lowmedium yielding farmlands, saving the intensive using of limited land;economizing water use and enhancing hydraulic engineering construction, raising use factor and supply power of the water resources; enhancing comprehensive control of soil erosion.