《史记》民族列传史料来源考辨

Textual Distinguishing of the Historical Data of Nation Biography in SHI JI

司马迁在《史记》中首创民族列传,专门给周边民族及国外民族立传。为中国最早的一部民族通史,亦是正史民族列传的滥觞。因史料翔实可信,是研究先秦秦汉民族史的最基本史料。因此对其史料的来源进行分析、考辨,对民族史及《史记》研究有重大作用。其史料来源主要有:一、"史记石室金匮之书";二、游历访问、实地调查;三、使节、商人、各族归附人提供的材料;四、各族相关的实物等途径。

SI MA QIAN originated nation biography and estabhshed biography especially for periphery nation and abroad nation in SHI JI. The nation biography was not only the earliest nation general history of China, but also the origin .of nation biography in official history. Because of the full and accurate historical data, it was the most fundamental historical material for studying XIAN QIN and QIN HAN nation history. So it is very important for studying nation history and SHI JI to analyze and research the origin of historical data. The origin of historical data mostly have four aspects. First, the document files that the government hid. Second, peregrination, visiting and field survey. Three, the materials offered by legates, businessmen, various national persons who submit to. Four, interrelated practicalities of various nations.