汽车轴类热锻模具的失效形式与分析

Deficiency formation and analysis on automotive axle heat-forged mould

针对某汽车厂汽车轴类毛坯热锻模具寿命过短,生产中需频繁更换,严重影响生产效率的问题进行了研究.通过对一批材料为H13钢的失效热锻模具的分析,研究了模具失效的主要形式并分析了失效原因.借助各种技术检测手段,对失效热锻模具进行了检验分析,对模具的不同失效类型作了探讨.结果表明,汽车轴类毛坯热锻模具的主要失效形式为热疲劳裂纹、热磨损和塑性变形;失效源于初始的表面破损,模具表层材料性状退化是产生初始热疲劳裂纹的直接因素,同时也加速了热磨损失效进程.

Due to the short life-cycle, frequent replacement and low productivity, the semi-finished axle heatforged mould is speculated for a specific automotive company. By testing a batch of H13-steel moulds, the major deficiency effects and causes are analyzed. A variety of mould deficiency formations are investigated through diverse testing technologies. It is detected from the experimental results that the major mould deficiency forms are associated with the thermal fatigue, thermal wear and plastic deformation. Further studied, the mould deficiency is resulted from the surface crack. In addition, the mould surface decay will directly produce the initial thermal fatigue, and expedite the thermal wear process.