1951--2006年南京气温变化特征

Temperature Variation Characteristic in Nanjing during 1951—2006

利用南京市1951年1月—2007年4月逐日温度观测资料,分析了南京市平均气温、极端气温、冷积温和热积温的变化趋势和特征。结果表明,在全球气候变暖的背景下,56 a来南京平均气温明显上升,尤其是春、冬季升温显著,且春季升温大于冬季升温,而年极端最低气温和冷积温显著上升,年极端最高气温和热积温略有下降;冷冬皆分布在20世纪80年代以前,暖冬主要分布在90年代以后;春季提前并略有加长;夏季加长了约4候;秋季延迟并缩短了约2候;冬季缩短了约3候。

Based on the daily temperature data during January 1951 to April 2007 in Nanjing, the change trends and characteristics of mean temperature, yearly maximum temperature, yearly minimum temperature, cold accumulated temperature and hot accumulated temperature in Nanjing are analyzed. The change of cold winter, warm winter, cool summer, and hot summer are discussed. The results show that the mean temperature tends to rise obviously, especially in spring and winter with the former larger than the latter. The yearly minimum temperature and cold accumulated temperature tend to rise remarkably, and the yearly maximum temperature and hot accumulated temperature tend to descend slightly. In recent 56 years, the all cold winters have appeared before 1980s and the warm winters are frequently observed after 1990s. The spring comes earlier with the time lengthen a little. The length of summer has prolonged for about four pentads. The length of autumn has shortened for about two pentads with starting time about ten days later. The length of winter has shortened for about 3 pentads.