福康安征台与妈祖信仰传播

FU Kang-an’s Conquest of Taiwan and the Spread of Mazu Belief

清将福康安是乾隆帝的宠臣,也是平定台湾林爽文事件的功臣。福康安因征台和渡海需要而推崇和传播妈祖信仰,不但倡建有三座妈祖庙,而且留有题匾、碑记等。一方面他想证明清廷得到了妈祖神助,另一方面也想表明清廷认同妈祖信仰,这对抚慰台湾同胞心灵和强化妈祖信众的国家认同意识都起积极作用,而在北京创建的天后宫对妈祖信仰在京城的传播也起到了推动作用。

Fukang-an, a general in Qing dynasty, was a pet subject of Emperor Qianlong as well as the hero for suppressing the rebel of Lin Shuangwen. He worshiped and spread Mazu belief for the needs to conquer Taiwan and cross the sea. As a result, not only three Mazu Temples were built but also inscriptions and tablets were left. For one thing, he tried to demonstrated that the Qing government was under the help of God; for anther, he wanted to show that his government identified with Mazu belief, which played a positive role in soothing the souls of the Taiwan compatriots and strengthening the sense of national identity of Mazu believers. At the same time, Matsu Temple, built in Beijing also pushed the spread of Mazu belief in the capital.