环保型聚磷酸酯阻燃剂的合成研究

Study on Synthesis of Polyphosphate Ester Fire Retardant Based on Environmental Protection

以磷酸和尿素为原料，制备聚磷酸铵无机阻燃剂。考察磷酸、尿素、氨水的用量和反应温度对聚磷酸铵平均聚合度的影响，用X射线衍射（XRD）法表征聚磷酸铵的晶体结构，实验结果表明，制备聚磷酸铵的最佳反应条件为n（磷酸）：n（尿素）=1：1．85，反应温度180—220℃，反应时间为150min。聚磷酸铵的平均聚合度为170。以聚磷酸铵和聚醚多元醇为主要原料，合成具有一定含氮量的聚磷酸酯并采用红外光谱分析。聚磷酸酯对聚丙烯阻燃性能测试表明：该阻燃剂可以有效地降低释烟量，不会造成环境污染。

Phosphate and urea as raw materials, ammonium polyphosphate inorganic flame retardants were prepared. Meanwhile, the influence of phosphate, urea, the amount of ammonia water and reaction temperature on average degree of polymerization of ammonium polyphosphate was observed, crystal structure manifested by means of XRD. The findings showthe optimal conditions are as follows： n： n = 1： 1.85; the reaction temperature is 180 220℃; the time is 150min. The average degree of polymerization is 170. Ammonium polyphosphate and polyether polyol are used to synthesize polyphosphate ester with certain nitrogen content through infrared spectral analysis. The test indicates the fire retardant can reduce the amount of smoke released without environmental pollution.