北京市45岁及以上居民营养补充剂使用的影响因素

Analysis on influence factors of dietary supplement used in population aged above 45 years in Beijing

目的探讨北京市45岁及以上居民营养补充剂使用的影响因素，为确定相关营养教育的目标人群提供依据。方法利用“2006年北京市居民营养补充剂使用现况调查”中45岁及以上对象的数据，通过多因素logistic回归分析探讨其营养补充剂使用的影响因素。结果共获得有效样本2487份，性别、年龄、人均月收入水平、营养素缺乏病患病情况、对营养知识的态度、对营养补充剂需求的态度及居住地区对是否使用营养补充剂有影响。北京市45岁及以上居民中，营养补充剂的使用率，女性较男性高，分别为19．3％和11．8％；随年龄组升高，使用率升高；随人均月收入水平的升高，使用率同样呈递增趋势；不同文化水平间未见趋势性变化。城区使用率较农村高，分别为16．9％和14．6％。营养素缺乏病和慢性疾病（高血压、高血脂、糖尿病）中，均为“曾患、现患或自觉现患”组使用率较“无或不知道”组使用率高。结论女性、年长、经济条件较好、有营养素缺乏病病史、对营养知识感兴趣、对营养补充剂需求态度积极、居住在农村的居民使用营养补充剂的可能性较大，应将其作为教育的重点人群。

Objective To explore influence factors of dietary supplement used in population aged above 45 years in Beijing. Methods Utilizing the data of the survey of dietary supplement （DS） used in Beijing in 2006 was to investigate the influence factors by using multi-factorial logistic regression analysis. Results All 2487 samples were included in the analysis. Sex, age, average income of each month for each member of the family, experiences of deficiency of nutrition, attitude to nutrition knowledge, attitude to the need of DS and city-or-rural resident had shown effects on DS using. The percentage of using DS in female was higher than that in male being 19. 3% and 11.8% respectively. The percentage grew up as the age became older. The same trend appeared as the economic-status going up, but not as education level change. Use of DS was greater in urban population （ 16. 9% ） than in rural population （ 14. 6% ） . The percentage of using DS in people who had or just been diagnosed as malnutrition/deficiency disease or chronic disease, or those who thought themselves having got these diseases only by their own feeling were higher than those did not. Conclusion People the female, the elder, or those having higher income, having experiences of deficiency of nutrition, are more interested in nutrition knowledge, and more positive in need of DS and those living in rural should be the target population of nutrition education for DS use.