微波促进离子液体相反应在有机合成中的应用

Application of Ionic Liquids in Organic Synthesis Promoted by Microwave Irradiation

微波促进离子液体相有机合成技术作为一种新型的绿色化学合成法,引起了人们极大的兴趣。微波辅助下离子液体中的反应快速、收率高、选择性好、后处理简单,离子液体经简单再生后可多次套用。本文综述了以离子液体为反应介质或催化剂的微波辅助技术在多种类型有机反应中的研究成果,主要包括了环合反应、亲核取代反应、金属复分解反应、酰化反应、重排反应、聚合反应、偶联反应、氧化还原反应和选择性脱溴反应等。

Application of ionic liquids in organic synthesis promoted by microwave irradiation as a new green methodology has been attracting great interests. Microwave-assisted organic transformations, using ionic liquids as reaction medium or catalysts, have great advantages in accelerating reaction rate, obtaining products with high recovery yield and good selectivity, ease of work-up, as well as recycling usage of ionic liquids after simply regeneration. The paper reviews the progress of ionic liquids as microwave mediums or catalysts in the fields of organic synthesis, mainly including cyclization, nucleophilic substitution, ring closing metathesis, acylation, rearrangement, polymerization, coupling, oxidation and reduction as well as selective debromination, etc.